A'Level: Daily Divinity presentation by Witness Dingani

•Today the writer will educate/remind the reader about the sources of "Gobbets"

•The sources of gobbets has challenged 99% students ,I hope today you will learn something soon after this presentation.

•For those who haven't done gobbets ,can you please inbox the writer using the contacts which will be displayed after the presentation

|SOURCES OF OLD TESTAMENT |31 MAY 2016|

J- SOURCE BACKGROUND

•The Jahwist, or Yahwist, often abbreviated J, is one of the sources of the Pentateuch (Torah), together with the Deuteronomist, the Elohist and the Priestly source.

•It gets its name from the fact that it characteristically uses the term Yahweh (German Jahwe, Hebrew YHWH) for God in the book of Genesis.

•During most of the 20th century the dominant belief among scholars was that the Torah had been composed by intertwining four originally separate and complete documents, of which the Jahwist was one - this was called the documentary hypothesis.

•In the last quarter of the 20th century the consensus over the documentary hypothesis unravelled, and although it still has supporters there are now many alternatives.

•These alternatives can be broadly divided between "fragmentary" and "supplementary" models (hypothesis)

•This source is believed to have been originated in Judah The letter J is believed to have been taken from Judah

CHARACTERISTICS
~The source glorifies David
~The name if the Lord is in capitals (LORD)
~Yahweh is a jealous God
~Yahweh debates with people (The incident of Miriam and Aaron)
~In terms of style the source comprises of the prose,vivid language
~God has human characteristics.For instance caring
~This source views Moses as a leader and politician.

P-SOURCE BACKGROUND

•The Priestly source (or simply P) is one of the hypothesized sources of the Torah, together with the Yahwist, Elohist and the Deuteronomist.

•P was written to show that even when all seemed lost, God remained present with Israel.

• The Priestly source include a set of claims that are contradicted by non-Priestly passages and therefore uniquely characteristic: no sacrifice before the institution is ordained by God at Sinai, the exalted status of Aaron and the priesthood, and the use of the divine title El Shaddai before God reveals his name to Moses, to name a few.

CHARACTERISTICS
-It deals with ritual ,sacrifices,worship,priestly duties
-It also shows sovereignty of God
~Shows powerful deity for instance when Moses divided the sea

D-SOURCE BACKGROUND

•The Deuteronomist, or simply D, is one of the sources identified through source criticism as underlying much of the Hebrew Bible (Christian Old Testament).

•The source was coined by Martin North

•Seen by most scholars more as a school or movement than a single author, Deuteronomistic material is found in the book of Deuteronomy, in the books of Joshua, Judges, Samuel, and Kings (the Deuteronomistic history, or DtrH), and also in the book of Jeremiah.

CHARACTERISTICS
~It is believed to be Deutronomistic
~The name is of the combination of J and E source
~The name of the Lord is Lord our God
~The source views Yahweh as a jealous God
-The  book of Amos and 1st Samuel comes from D. Source .
~The language is legalistic ,For instance  Amos 4:1.

E-SOURCE /ELOHIM BACKGROUND

•The Elohist (or simply E) is identified through textual criticism as one of four sources of the Torah, together with the Yahwist, the Deuteronomist and the Priestly source.

•Its name comes from Elohim, the term used in the Hebrew and Canaanite languages for the Gods.

•It habitually locates ancestral stories in the north, especially Ephraim, and the documentary hypothesis holds that it must have been composed in that region, possibly in the second

•Some recent reconstructions leave out the Elohist altogether, proposing a Deuteronomist-Jahwist-Priestly sequence for the Torah written from the reign of Josiah into post-exilic times.

CHARACTERISTICS

• It is characterized by, among other things, an abstract view of God, using Horeb instead of Sinai for the mountain where Moses received the laws of Israel and the use of the phrase "fear of God"

~The name of the deity is God

~The source operates on the elevated position for instance on top of the mountain or in clouds.

~The deity is seen in the pillar of cloud ,and fire .For instance the incident when Miriam and Aaron complained about Moses marrying the Cushite woman ,you will understand that Yahweh came in a pillar of cloud ,this is recorded in Numbers 12:4-9

~The deity is awesome and the human beings communicate in " awe" fear .

~God communicates with with human through angels,dreams,visions and prophecy "ecstasy" In Numbers 12:4-8 Yahweh explain how he communicates with human beings.

~The source glorify king Saul and Moses as a prophet .You will understand that Moses according to J-Source Historians ,he is not a prophet but a leader but E -source historians regards him as a prophet not a leader.

~The source emphasizes on  prophecy

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