Seziyosengwa yinkehli inkomo zabokhokho bethu

Omunye umsebenzi oqakathekileyo owawufundiswa abafana ilizwe lisahleli kahle yikusenga inkomo. Eqinisweni babengafundiswa abafana kodwa babefunda ngokukhangela babone okwenziwa ngabafowabo labo besebenza okufanayo. Phela imisebenzi eminengi okhokho bethu babefundisa umuntu ngokumbonisa ukuthi yenziwa njani lokhu bezingekho izikolo zokufundisa amakhono athile. Ukusenga lokhu ubungumsebenzi oyenziwa ngabesilisa kuphela ngaphandle kokuthi ekhaya bengekho abafana lapho kungasenga lamantombazane imbala, kodwa kusuke kuyisimo esinzima nxa sekusenga amantombazana. Yingakho nje kulesitsho esithi, "Seziyosengwa yinkehli". Lokhu kukodwa kuchaza ukuthi inkomo zomnumzane azimane zisengwe ngowesibhuda nxa zonke izinto zihamba ngokwemvelo.

Ukusenga kulomthetho wakho, kusengwa izinkomo zendlunkulu kuqala njalo kusengelwa emathungeni ahlukeneyo. Ukusenga akumane kuthathelwe phezulu kodwa kwenziwa amalungiselelo kusalesikhathi ngoba zinengi izinto ezidingakalayo phambi kokuba kusengwe. Nanzi izinto eziqoqwayo nxa kulungiselelwa, amathunga, izinkamba, amagula, iziphandolo lezintambo. Ngesiko lwesintu imbuzi ayisengwa. Kuyinto esiyenziwa kulezinsuku kodwa kudala ibingenziwa  ngoba imbele yayo ithambile. Kudala uchago lwembuzi belunganathwa, abanye abafana bebefundela ikhono lokusenga ngokusenga imbuzi hatshi ngenhloso yokufuna uchago.

Ngaphandle kwezinto ezidingeka nxa kusengwa kulalemithetho elandelwayo nxa kusengwa. Owokuqala yikuthi izinkomo azisengwa noma yisiphi isikhathi, zisengwa ngabo11 ekuseni. Lokhu kwesekelwa nguMsimang, (1975:90) lapho echaza izikhathi zosuku kanje: Ngesikhathi sika-5 sekukhaIa izinkukhu zokugcina, sekuzontwela ezansi kushone ikhwezi bese zehIa izinkukhu. Emva kwaIokho liyaphuma ilanga, ngesilungu u-6. Kuzothi ngo-7 kuphume izinkomo okhokho bebethi into eyenzeke ngo-7 yenzeke ziphuma inhIazane. Eyenzeke ngo-ll sezibuya zizosengwa bebethi yenzeke emini yasekuseni noma sezibuya inhIazane. Lokhu kuphinde kufakazwe nguMasondo, (1940:9) lapho ethi: Phakathi komuzi bonke abantu banemisebenzi yabo eqondene nabo. Abafana abakhuIu baIusa izinkomo bavuke ekuseni zaIake inhIazane zize zibuye sezizosengwa nxa ilanga lithi ukuphakama impela. Abancane baIusa amathole baqaphele namathunga abazwe ngomuthi okuyiwona okusengelwa kuwo, nemichilo yokuzibopha izinkomo nxa zisengwa kanye nezifaso (iziphandolo).

Okunye okubalulekileyo yikuthi akusengwa noma yiphi inkomo kodwa kusengwa inkomazi emunyisayo ukuze kutholakaIe uchago. Nxa inkomazi ingamunyisi, aIuphumi uchago olugadliwa, kuphuma ingcosana nje engamanzi, engafani lochago Iwangempela. Yingakho usuke uzikhohlisa nje nxa usenga inkomo engamunyisi noma usukela inkomo emithiyo. Yingakho kwaze kwavela lesitsho esithi: "Usenga ezimithiyo", lokhu kutsho ukuthi umuntu ukhuluma amanga aluhlaza tshoko ngoba enkomeni emithiyo ngeke walubona uchago.

Nxa kusengwa akuqalwa nganoma yiphi inkomo kodwa kusengwa ezasendlunkulu kuqala.  Kuye ngokulandelana kwezindlu besekuza ezeqadi ngoba engumalokazane wasendlunkulu. Kulandele ikhohlo kugcine ezesokanqangi lezamabibi. Isizathu salokho kuwukuhlonipha amazinga emizi ukuze kungaqubuki ingxabano ngoba nxa kwakungenjalo, bonke babezofuna kuqale ezabo inkomazi bese kugcina sekungasazwana lapha ekhaya. UNyembezi loNxumalo, (1966:44) bayakufakazela lokhu lapho bethi: "Ukusenga kunomthetho wakho, kusengwa izinkomo zendlunkulu kuqala, kusengelwa emathungeni ehlukene." Lokhu kuphinde kutshiwo languMasondo, (1940:9) lapho ethi: "Ngale nkathi ukudla sekulungile ezindlini ngoba awathululwa amasi emaguleni kungakasengwa, kulindwa inkomo anduba amasi athululwe adliwe. Futhi nxa abafana besenga, abasengi uma zingakaqali ukusengwa ezasendlunkulu, bangajeza uma beqala ngezezindlu ezincane. Lokhu phela kubonakalisa inhlonipho nobukhulu basendlunkulu."

Isikhathi esinengi kusengelwa esibayeni ngoba okhokho asebalala bafuna ukuzibona inkomo, bazizwe zisengwa lapho ethempelini loMdabu. Isimo sezulu yiso esenza kuqokwe indawo ethize okuzosengelwa kuyo ngalelolanga. Nxa kukuhle nje, izulu licwathile, kungekho lodaka esibayeni, kuye kusengelwe khona njengokujwayelekile. Kodwa nxa kulodaka kuye kuqokwe enye indawo engaphandle kwesibaya lapho lungekho khona udaka ukuze kusengelwe kuyo. Inkomo efihla uchago igcotshwa ngobulongwe emibeIeni kwenzelwa ukuthi inkonyane ingamunyi, leyonkomo ize isengwe ntambama.

Izinsengwakazi zehlukene, kukhona ezibotshwayo nxa zizosengwa, kubekhona lezingabotshwayo, ezimane ziqhutshwe nje ziye endaweni lapho kusengwa khona zifike lapho zithithibale.  Nxa inkomazi ilolaka, ingafuni ukuthambela umthetho ibotshwa ngentambo ekhanda bese iphinde ibotshwe lamanqina angemuva. Lokhu kubotshwa kwenkomo kwenzelwa ukuthi ingakhabi lo UNyembezi, (1983:27) uchaza uShaka njengenkomo eyisimangaliso nxa ethi: "Umasengomahle, inkonyana yenkomo,  Kwangixak' ukukhaba kwale nkomo, Yakhab' osengayo, yadel' umbambi."

Nxa inkomazi isikulungele ukusengwa, umsengi uyaye acele abafanyana ukuthi banikele inkonyane. UNene, (2003) ukuchaza kanje ukunikela: "Ukudedela inkonyane ukuba iyoncela kunina Inhloso yalokho  kungekhona ukuncela ngempela ngoba kufanele yesuthe kodwa kungukuthambisa imibele ukuze inkomazi yehlise kahle."  Nxa isinikelwa inkonyane iye iyekwe iimunye kuze kube yisikhathi lapho seyehlisile, lokhu kubonakala ngokuba inkonyane isikhihliza amagwebu bese umfana etshelwa ngosengayo ukuthi akayisuse. Imimvemve yona ibanjwa ngenqina kumiwe layo eceleni. Kungumsebenzi womfana futhi ukuthi abe lesiqiniseko sokuthi inkonyane ayimphazamisi osengayo. Nxa  inkomazi isithanda ukugodla ingasehlisi, inkonyane iyadedelwa kuze inxenxe unina qede ehlise futhi bese iphindwa umphehlu.

Umsebenzi  wokusenga uthathwa njengoqakathekileyo yingakho kungasengelwa nje noma kusiphi isitsha kodwa kwezikhethiwe. Kufuneka njalo umfana okhaliphileyo ozazi kahle izitsha zokusenga. Ithunga yiso isitsha esihamba phambili nxa kusengwa. Lokhu kwenziwa yikuthi liyakwazi ukuzimela kanti futhi liyabambeka ngamathanga ngenxa yezibambo zalo okuthiwa amansumpa. Kuyenzeka lingavumi ukuma kahle ithunga yiso leso sikhathi lapho umfana abamba khona iqhaza ngokuncedisa ukulibamba Yikho kukhona lesisho esithi: "Selidumela emansumpeni", ngenxa yokuthi amansumpa lawa athi ayabe engaphezudlwana kulethunga, okukuthi nxa uchago selikuwo, lisuke selidumela phezulu, selizogcwala. Lesi sitsho sichaza ukuthi izinto sezizolunga ngoba ithunga selizogcwala.

Ukusenga kuqakathekile kakhulu ngoba phela amasi lochago yikho kudla okukhulu komdeni. Umdeni okusengwa kuwo akudliwa nje isitshwala nje simhlophe kodwa sehliswa ngamasi langochago. Esintwini kuthiwa lowo mdeni ukhomba ngophakathi ngoba uchago lamasi yikudla okupheleleyo okunonisayo kuvikele lezifo, kuqinise lamathambo omzimba ngenxa yokuthi kulezakhamzimba.

Kukhona ubuciko obuthize obuye benziwe ngumsengi nxa engena ngaphansi kwenkomo. Umsengi akamane ayibhozomele nje inkomo, angene noma ngakuluphi uhlangothi. Inkomazi nxa izosengwa ingenwa ngasesandleni sokudla. Nxa esengenile umsengi, kufanele ayincenge kahle ukuze iludedele kahle uchago, ingagodli. Lokhu umsengi engakwenza ngokuyinwayanwaya ibele noma kwenye isikhathi ayibongele ukuze yehlise kahle kokunye ayiIolozele ngokushaya ikhwela Iokuyikhinthaza. Emva kwaIokho usengakhuIuIeka asenge kahle. Kuyenzeka kuthi ngesikhathi kusengwa inkomo ilugodIe ubisi, ingaIukhiphi ngokufanele emibeleni. Ngenxa yolwazi anaIo umsengi ngemfuyo yakubo, uyaye akubone lokho ngoba esazi isilinganiso esikhitshwa yiIeyo laIeyo nkomazi. Nxa ebhekene lesimo esinjaIo, uyaye aphinde ayisenge leyo nkomazi emveni kokuthi kade esededele inkonyane yamunya okwesibili. Lesi senzo esinjaIo sibizwa ngokuthiwa yikuphinda umphehlu.

Emva kokusengwa inkomazi iyadedelwa ukuba iyohlangana nenkonyane. Lesi senzo sibizwa ngokuthi ukuyiqaqa. Ngaphambi kokuba basenge abafana, bakhipha amathunga lamagula. Amathunga ayaqongqothwa qede kuthelwe amanzi okugeza izandla zaloyo ozosenga. Kusengwa nje amagula asenhla kwesibaya ukuze kwethiwe ubisi lwaIeyo naIeyo nkomo eguleni elifanele uma iqedwa ukusengwa. Kwethiwa ngethunga kusetshenziswa ikhono lokwetha ngezithupha, kwaze kwavela isitsho esithi: izithupha ziya eguleni. Lokhu kuchaza ikhono eIinzulu lokwetha ngazo izithupha kungachitheki ngitsho ithonsi lochago phansi.

Ukusenga lokhu kungabukeka kuyikuhlukumeza inkonyane kanye lensengwakazi ngokwenkoleIo yesiko lamakhiwa eliphathelene lokuphathwa kwenyamazana. Iqiniso lithi ukusenga Iokhu kuyayisiza inkonyane ngenye indIeIa ngoba nxa inkonyane isimunye ubisi olunengi, iyaye igijinyiswe yisisu maqeda igule kwesinye isikhathi igcine ngokuthi itshoba lilale lamazolo, (ukufa). Ngakho ke ukusenga kwenza ukuthi lempicabadaIa igwemeke. Noma kunjalo Iokho akutsho ukuthi umsengi kufanele asenge lonke uchago enkomazini. Kufanele atshiye okungenani umbele owodwa, etshiyela inkonyane. Umsengi owenza umkhuba wokusenga lonke uchago kuthiwa ufaka amazipho. Lesitsho  esithi "ukufaka amazipho" noma "ukutshonisa amazipho" saqhamuka kulesi senzo esichaza ukuthi umuntu unamathele entweni, akafuni ukuyidedela.  

Kuyenzeka inkomo isengwe noma yisiphi isikhathi. Lokhu kwenzeka nxa kukhona isimo esithile okufanele kubhekwane laso. Ikakhulu nxa kukhona osedIe waginya okuthile, kuyaye kudingakaIe uchago, axakwe ngaIo ukuze lento ayiginyileyo idambe. Ngaphandle kokuthi lubaIuIekile ekudliweni, luphinde lube leminye imisebenzi ngoba ngitsho lowesimame nxa emunyisa, ayilokothi imthinte inyoka ngoba iyaIuhIonipha uchago. Ukuthi uchago luthakwe ngayiphi intelezi le edambisa lenyoka, akwaziwa muntu, kuyimfihIo kaMvelinqangi engambuIelwe noma ngubani.

UVelempini Ndlovu ngomele iJoshua Nkomo Cultural Movement (JNCM) kweleSouth Africa. iJNCM yinhlanganiso yokuthuthukisa ezamasiko. Ungamthinta ku veapndlovu@gmail.com noma kuwhatsapp 0824407756.